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War does not determine who is
right - only who is left.
Heretical views arise
when the truth is uncertain, and it is only
when the truth is uncertain that
censorship is invoked. The
argument against the persecution of opinion does not depend upon what the excuse
for persecution may be. The
argument is that we, not one of us, know
all truth, that the
discovery of new
truth is promoted by
free discussion and rendered very difficult
by suppression.
If there were on the
Earth today any large number of
humans who
desired their own
happiness more than they
desired the unhappiness of
others, we could have
paradise in a few years.
We do not
know objects directly, inwardly, only indirectly,
outwardly, through sensory
data.
In all affairs it’s a healthy
thing now and then to hang a
question mark on the
things you have long taken for
granted.
Sentences may be
not only true or false but meaningless because of inconsistent uses of
language
patterns.
When the
State intervenes to insure the
indoctrination of some
doctrine, it does so because there is no
conclusive evidence in favor of that
doctrine.
It is
clear that
thought is not
free if the profession of certain
opinions make it impossible to earn a
living.
Bertrand Russell, Bertrand Arthur William Russell,
3rd Earl Russell, British logician, philosopher, mathematician and
author
Knowledge by
acquaintance (experience) and
knowledge by description were introduced
by Bertrand Russell to designate two fundamentally different types of
knowledge.
An example of
knowledge by acquaintance (experience):
Orson is justified in believing that he is in
pain if he is directly and
immediately acquainted with hispain. Not if Orson makes an inference regarding his
pain ("I must be in
pain because my arm is bleeding"),
but feels it as an immediate sensation
("My arm hurts!"). This direct contact with the fact and the
knowledge that this fact makes a
proposition true is what is meant with
knowledge by acquaintance (experience).
Every
other type of
knowledge is
knowledge by description.
George Bernard Shaw,
Oscar Wilde |
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